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Have you ever heard of the carbonyl group? It’s a functional group that consists of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O). This group is commonly found in organic compounds such as aldehydes and ketones.
Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and ketones are both organic compounds that contain carbonyl groups. The difference between the two is that aldehydes have the carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, while ketones have it in the middle.
One example of an aldehyde is formaldehyde, which is used in many industries such as textiles, plastics, and cosmetics. It’s also used in mortuaries as a preservative for bodies. Formaldehyde is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat.
Ketones, on the other hand, are commonly found in natural sources such as plants and animals. One example of a ketone is acetone, which is used as a solvent and is also found in nail polish remover. Acetone is a colorless liquid with a sweet odor.
Names of Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes are named by replacing the -e at the end of the parent alkane with -al. For example, methane becomes methanal.
Ketones are named by replacing the -e at the end of the parent alkane with -one. For example, propane becomes propanone.
Overall, the carbonyl group and its derivatives play a crucial role in organic chemistry. They are used in a wide range of applications such as solvents, preservatives, and pharmaceuticals.
If you want to learn more about organic chemistry and the fascinating world of compounds and functional groups, there are many resources available. You can check out books, websites, or even take a class. Understanding the chemistry of the world around us is key to creating new materials, medicines, and technologies that benefit society.
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